Sir John Suckling (1609-1642) was an English poet, playwright, and a notable figure in the court of King Charles I. He is credited with the invention of Cribbage, the card game that continues to be popular several centuries after its creation. Suckling's contributions to literature and his colorful life in the royal court are well-documented, with his legacy encompassing far more than just the invention of a card game.
Early Life and Background
John Suckling was born into a wealthy family; his father, Sir John Suckling, was the Comptroller of James I's household. The younger Suckling was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, though he left without earning a degree. He inherited a substantial fortune at the age of 18, after the death of his father, which allowed him to lead a life of leisure, pursue literary interests, and become a patron of the arts.
Career and Achievements
Suckling quickly became known for his wit, charm, and literary talent. He was a prolific poet and playwright, contributing significantly to the metaphysical poetry movement. Some of his notable works include the poem "Ballad Upon a Wedding" and the play "Aglaura." Suckling's writing was characterized by its cleverness, playful tone, and the use of wit to explore complex emotional and philosophical themes.
Invention of Cribbage
Cribbage, which evolved from an earlier game called "Noddy," was developed by Suckling in the early 17th century. The game was unique for its combination of card play and the use of a pegboard for scoring, a feature that distinguished it from other card games of the era. Suckling's version of the game streamlined the rules and scoring, making it more accessible and enjoyable. It quickly gained popularity, especially among English sailors and soldiers, helping to spread the game throughout the British Empire.
Military and Political Involvement
Beyond his literary and gaming contributions, Suckling was also involved in military and political affairs. He served in various military campaigns and was known for raising a cavalry troop, famously outfitting them at his own expense to support King Charles I during the Bishops' Wars. His loyalty to the King, however, would eventually lead to his downfall.
Controversies and Exile
Suckling was implicated in a plot to rescue the Earl of Strafford, a close advisor to King Charles I, from the Tower of London. The plot's failure forced Suckling to flee to France, where he lived in exile until his death in 1642, under mysterious circumstances that some believe to have been suicide.
Legacy
While Suckling is remembered for his contributions to English literature and the creation of Cribbage, his life was a portrait of the complexities of 17th-century England, marked by artistic flourishing and political turmoil. His work, both literary and as the creator of Cribbage, reflects the vibrancy and the vicissitudes of his era.
Sir John Suckling's legacy as a poet, playwright, and the inventor of Cribbage has cemented his place in history. His ability to leave a lasting mark in both literature and popular culture is a testament to his multifaceted talents and the enduring appeal of his contributions.